Ilium (bone)
| Bone: Ilium of pelvis | |
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| Overview of Ilium as largest bone of the pelvis. | |
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| Capsule of hip-joint (distended). Posterior aspect. (Ilium labeled at top.) | |
| Latin | os ilii |
| Gray's | subject #57 236 |
| MeSH | Ilium |
The ilium of the pelvis is divisible into two parts, the body and the ala; the separation is indicated on the top surface by a curved line, the arcuate line, and on the external surface by the margin of the acetabulum. The name comes from the Latin, meaning "groin" or "flank." [1]
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The body enters into the formation of the acetabulum, of which it forms rather less than two-fifths.
Its external surface is partly articular, partly non-articular; the articular segment forms part of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, the non-articular portion contributes to the acetabular fossa.
The internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the Obturator internus.
Below, it is continuous with the pelvic surfaces of the ischium and pubis, only a faint line indicating the place of union.
- Further information: Wing of ilium
The wing of ilium (or ala) is the large expanded portion which bounds the greater pelvis laterally. It presents for examination two surfaces—an external and an internal—a crest, and two borders—an anterior and a posterior.
In humans, biiliac width is an anatomical term referring to the widest measure of the pelvis between the outer edges of the upper iliac bones.
Biiliac width has the following common synonyms: pelvic bone width, biiliac breadth, intercristal breadth/width, bi-iliac breadth/width and biiliocristal breadth/width.
In the average adult female, it measures 28 cm (11 in).[citation needed] It is best measured by anthropometric calipers (an anthropometer designed for such measurement is called a pelvimeter). Attempting to measure biiliac width with a tape measure along a curved surface is inaccurate.
The biiliac width measure is helpful in obstetrics because a pelvis that is significantly too small or too large can have obstetrical complications. For example, a large baby and/or a small pelvis often lead to a caesarean section. [2]
It is also used by anthropologists to estimate body mass.[3]
 Pelvic girdle |
 Male pelvis. |
 Right hip bone. Internal surface. |
 Right hip bone. External surface. (Body of ilium is the top of the blue circle in the center, and the wing of the ilium is the portion above that. Crest of ilium is labeled at top.) |
 Plan of ossification of the hip bone. |
 Left hip-joint, opened by removing the floor of the acetabulum from within the pelvis. |
 Pelvis (French labels) |
 Pelvis |
- ^ Taber, Clarence Wilbur; Venes, Donald (2005). Taber's cyclopedic medical dictionary. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. ISBN 0-8036-1207-9.
- ^ "Encyclopedia of Medicine: Cesarean Section". eNotes.
- ^ Ruff C, Niskanenb M, Junnob J, Jamisonc P (2005). "Body mass prediction from stature and bi-iliac breadth in two high latitude populations, with application to earlier higher latitude humans". Journal of Human Evolution 48: 381–392. doi:. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/FAE/CBRMNJAPJ2005JHE.pdf. Retrieved on 26 July 2006.
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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